Can Interior Designers Use the DAFT Visa? Yes — Here's How
Yes, interior designers can use DAFT. The Dutch-American Friendship Treaty (DAFT) works well for interior designers who want to build a freelance practice in the Netherlands. You can serve both local Dutch clients and international clients from your base in the Netherlands.
The Dutch have a strong appreciation for good design. From the minimalist aesthetic you see in Amsterdam canal houses to the modern commercial spaces in Rotterdam, there's a real market for thoughtful interior design work.
DAFT Eligibility for Interior Designers
Status: DAFT Eligible
Interior design is a good fit for DAFT. Unlike some professions that are purely remote, interior design offers the advantage of serving local clients too, which strengthens your business case.
Key points:
- Can serve both local and international clients
- No special Dutch licensing required (though certifications help)
- Dutch market demand: Moderate
- Typical income range: €40,000-€80,000/year
Business Structure Options
Recommended: Eenmanszaak (Sole Proprietorship)
Simplest structure. You are personally liable. Most DAFT applicants start here.
Most interior designers on DAFT start with this structure. It gives you the flexibility to take on both small residential projects and larger commercial work.
Other Options
BV (Private Limited Company) Limited liability but requires €0.01 capital and notary. More complex setup. Worth considering if you plan to take on large commercial projects where liability is a concern.
Registration process:
- Apply for DAFT residence permit
- Register with KVK (Chamber of Commerce)
- Receive your KVK number and start operating
Setting Up Your Interior Design Business
Step 1: Define Your Services Clearly define what services you'll offer. For interior designers, this typically includes:
- Residential interior design and styling
- Commercial space planning and design
- Virtual design consultations for international clients
- Renovation project management and coordination
Step 2: KVK Registration Register your business with the Dutch Chamber of Commerce. You'll need:
- Valid residence permit (or proof of DAFT application)
- Proof of address in the Netherlands
- Description of your business activities
- €75 registration fee
Step 3: Tax Registration After KVK registration, you'll automatically be registered with the Belastingdienst (Dutch tax authority) for:
- Income tax
- VAT (BTW) - you may be exempt if under €20,000/year
Common Challenges & Solutions
Challenge: Learning the Dutch supply chain for furniture and materials Solution: Visit trade showrooms in Amsterdam and Rotterdam. Build relationships with local suppliers early. Many Dutch interior designers are generous about sharing supplier contacts at industry events.
Challenge: Language barriers with contractors and suppliers Solution: While many Dutch people speak English, some tradespeople and contractors prefer Dutch. Learn enough Dutch to communicate about materials and specifications, or partner with a bilingual project coordinator.
Challenge: Understanding Dutch building codes and regulations Solution: Dutch building codes differ from US codes. For renovation projects, familiarize yourself with the local gemeente (municipality) rules. Partnering with a local architect for your first few projects helps.
Income & Tax Considerations
Expected income: €40,000-€80,000/year
Tax obligations:
- Dutch income tax (progressive rates, 36-49%)
- US tax filing required (as a US citizen)
- Foreign Earned Income Exclusion may apply
- Tax treaty between US and Netherlands prevents double taxation
VAT (BTW):
- Services to US/non-EU clients: 0% (reverse charge)
- Services to Dutch clients: 21% VAT
- Small business exemption if under €20,000/year
See our US Taxes While Living in Netherlands guide.
Finding Clients as an Interior Designer
International clients:
- Offer virtual design consultations for US clients
- Build an online portfolio showcasing your Dutch and international work
- E-design services let you serve clients anywhere
Dutch and local clients:
- The expat community in the Netherlands is large and often needs help making rental apartments feel like home
- Network with real estate agents who work with international clients
- Join the BNI (Beroepsvereniging Nederlandse Interieurarchitecten) for credibility
Best practice: Start DAFT with existing clients or a strong portfolio. The expat community is a natural first market — they understand your perspective and often need English-speaking designers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Can I do virtual interior design for US clients while living in the Netherlands? A: Yes. Virtual design services are increasingly popular. You can do consultations via video call, create design plans digitally, and source furniture online for US clients.
Q: Do I need a Dutch interior design license? A: No. The Netherlands does not require a specific license for interior design. However, joining a professional organization like BNI adds credibility with local clients.
Q: Are Dutch homes very different from American homes? A: Yes, in several ways. Dutch homes tend to be smaller, with steeper stairs, different electrical standards, and often no built-in closets. Learning these differences is essential for serving local clients well.
Related Professions
If interior designer isn't quite right for your situation, consider these related professions that also work with DAFT:
Next Steps
- Evaluate your situation - Do you have clients? Income? A viable business plan?
- Read the complete DAFT guide - Understand all requirements
- Prepare your documents - Start the apostille process early
- Plan your timeline - Most people need 3-6 months to prepare
Digital Guide — $99
We're not immigration lawyers—just Americans who did this. Requirements change, so verify with official sources.