Can Database Administrators Use the DAFT Visa? Here's How
Yes, database administrators can use DAFT. The Dutch-American Friendship Treaty (DAFT) allows US citizens to start a business in the Netherlands, and freelance database administration works well under this visa. You can manage, optimize, and maintain databases for clients around the world from your home in the Netherlands.
DBAs have specialized skills that are consistently in demand. The work is remote-friendly and commands solid rates.
DAFT Eligibility for Database Administrators
Status: DAFT Eligible
Database administration is a technical service that requires no Dutch-specific licensing. You register as a freelance DBA and work with clients from day one.
Key points:
- Remote-friendly — manage databases anywhere via secure connections
- No Dutch licensing or certification required
- Dutch market demand: Moderate to High
- Typical income range: €55,000–€110,000/year
Business Structure Options
Recommended: Eenmanszaak (Sole Proprietorship)
Simplest structure. You are personally liable. Most DAFT applicants start here because it's the fastest way to get registered and operating.
For freelance DBAs, this is almost always the right starting point.
Other Options
BV (Private Limited Company) Limited liability but requires €0.01 capital and a notary. More complex to set up and maintain. Consider this if you're handling sensitive enterprise data where liability protection is important.
Registration process:
- Apply for DAFT residence permit
- Register with KVK (Chamber of Commerce)
- Receive your KVK number and start operating
Setting Up Your DBA Business
Step 1: Define Your Services Be specific about what you offer. For database administrators, this typically includes:
- Database performance tuning and optimization
- Migration and upgrade planning
- Backup, recovery, and disaster planning
- Database security and access management
Step 2: KVK Registration Register your business with the Dutch Chamber of Commerce. You'll need:
- Valid residence permit (or proof of DAFT application)
- Proof of address in the Netherlands
- Description of your business activities
- €75 registration fee
Step 3: Tax Registration After KVK registration, you'll automatically be registered with the Belastingdienst (Dutch tax authority) for:
- Income tax
- VAT (BTW) — you may be exempt if under €20,000/year
Common Challenges & Solutions
Challenge: On-call and emergency response across time zones Solution: Set clear availability windows with clients. Many DBAs handle routine maintenance during European business hours and limit emergency coverage. Discuss on-call expectations before signing contracts.
Challenge: Accessing client systems securely from abroad Solution: Most enterprise clients already have VPN and secure remote access infrastructure. The Netherlands has excellent internet connectivity, which helps for managing production databases.
Challenge: Explaining DBA work at KVK registration Solution: Describe your work as "IT consulting and database management services." KVK doesn't need technical details — just a clear description of your business activity.
Income & Tax Considerations
Expected income: €55,000–€110,000/year
Tax obligations:
- Dutch income tax (progressive rates, 36–49%)
- US tax filing required (as a US citizen)
- Foreign Earned Income Exclusion may apply
- Tax treaty between US and Netherlands prevents double taxation
VAT (BTW):
- Services to US/non-EU clients: 0% (reverse charge)
- Services to Dutch clients: 21% VAT
- Small business exemption if under €20,000/year
See our US Taxes While Living in Netherlands guide.
Finding Clients as a Database Administrator
International clients:
- Keep existing US client relationships — retainer-based DBA work travels well
- Use platforms like Toptal, Upwork, or specialized IT staffing firms
- Certifications in Oracle, SQL Server, PostgreSQL, or MySQL help you stand out
Dutch/European clients:
- Dutch enterprises need DBAs, especially for cloud migrations
- Use freelance platforms like Freelance.nl or IT-specific recruiters
- Attend tech meetups in Amsterdam, Utrecht, or Eindhoven
Best practice: Start DAFT with existing clients. DBA work often involves retainer agreements or long-term contracts, which gives you predictable income while you settle in the Netherlands.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Can I manage US company databases while living in the Netherlands on DAFT? A: Yes. Database management is inherently remote. You access systems via secure connections and bill clients as a Dutch business.
Q: Do I need Dutch certifications to work as a DBA here? A: No. DAFT has no certification requirements, and Dutch companies recognize international certifications like Oracle DBA, Microsoft MCSA, or AWS database certifications.
Q: How does GDPR affect my DBA work? A: If you manage databases containing EU personal data, you'll need to understand GDPR requirements for data storage and handling. This is actually a selling point — being based in the EU gives clients confidence in your GDPR awareness.
Related Professions
If database administration isn't quite right for your situation, consider these related professions that also work with DAFT:
Next Steps
- Evaluate your situation — Do you have clients? Income? A viable business plan?
- Read the complete DAFT guide — Understand all requirements
- Prepare your documents — Start the apostille process early
- Plan your timeline — Most people need 3–6 months to prepare
Digital Guide — $99
We're not immigration lawyers—just Americans who did this. Requirements change, so verify with official sources.